What is the molecular formula of methane?

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Study for the IGCSE Edexcel Chemistry Test. Access flashcards and multiple choice questions with hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

Multiple Choice

What is the molecular formula of methane?

Explanation:
The molecular formula shows exactly how many atoms of each element are in a molecule, and for carbon, four bonds are needed to satisfy its four valence electrons. In methane, the carbon atom forms four covalent bonds with hydrogen atoms, so there is one carbon and four hydrogens, giving CH4. The other options don’t fit: CH3 would leave carbon with only three bonds, CH2 would under-saturate carbon, and C2H6 corresponds to a different molecule with two carbons (ethane).

The molecular formula shows exactly how many atoms of each element are in a molecule, and for carbon, four bonds are needed to satisfy its four valence electrons. In methane, the carbon atom forms four covalent bonds with hydrogen atoms, so there is one carbon and four hydrogens, giving CH4. The other options don’t fit: CH3 would leave carbon with only three bonds, CH2 would under-saturate carbon, and C2H6 corresponds to a different molecule with two carbons (ethane).

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